硬态切削表面残余应力分析研究

以轴承钢GCr15为研究对象,根据热-弹塑性有限元理论,建立了热力耦合的二维正交硬态切削模型。根据硬态切削的特点,在硬态切削有限元模型中设置了未预先设置分离线的点面接触并选择了Johnson-Cook材料本构模型,通过有限元分析计算,得到了不同切削参数和刀具几何参数条件下已加工表面残余应力的模拟结果。对结果进行比较分析得出,最大压残余应力出现在工件表面,沿着深度的增加工件内部的残余应力由残余压应力转化为残余拉应力,并逐渐趋向于零。这对于控制和提高硬态切削工件表面质量具有重要的理论指导意义。     

超精密加工的动向和思考

叙述了在超精密加工技术向毫微米精度发展之际,必须探索突破的新途径,要充分发挥信息的作用,综合利用各种有关技术的进步,强调创新。     

数控加工中等高线刀具轨迹的生成

针对高质量的等高线高速加工要求,设计并实现了数控加工中、根据刀位面及其Zmap模型计算等高线刀具轨迹的原理和算法.该算法充分考虑了刀位面Zmap模型的特点,能确保刀具轨迹始终处于顺铣状态,从而保证了良好的加工工艺性.算法稳定性好,计算速度快,并已在商品化软件CAXA-ME中成功实现.      

Predictive Modeling and Parameter Optimization of Cutting Forces During Orbital Drilling

To optimize cutting control parameters and provide scientific evidence for controlling cutting forces,cutting force modeling and cutting control parameter optimization are researched with one tool adopted to orbital drill holes in aluminum alloy 6061.Firstly,four cutting control parameters(tool rotation speed,tool revolution speed,axial feeding pitch and tool revolution radius)and affecting cutting forces are identified after orbital drilling kinematics analysis.Secondly,hybrid level orthogonal experiment method is utilized in modeling experiment.By nonlinear regression analysis,two quadratic prediction models for axial and radial forces are established,where the above four control parameters are used as input variables.Then,model accuracy and cutting control parameters are analyzed.Upon axial and radial forces models,two optimal combinations of cutting control parameters are obtained for processing a13mm hole,corresponding to the minimum axial force and the radial force respectively.Finally,each optimal combination is applied in verification experiment.The verification experiment results of cutting force are in good agreement with prediction model,which confirms accracy of the research method in practical production.     

Feedrate scheduling method for constant peak cutting force in five-axis flank milling process

It is extremely important to select appropriate feedrates for the stable machining of parts with ruled surface in modern aviation industrial applications. However, the current studies take too much time to achieve this goal. Therefore, this paper presents an efficient feedrate optimization method for constant peak cutting force in five-axis flank milling process. The solution method of the instantaneous undeformed chip thickness (IUCT) is proposed using least squares theory with the cutter entry angle and feedrate as variables. Based on this method, an explicit analytical expression of the peak cutting force for each cutting point is established. Furthermore, a feedrate scheduling method is developed to quickly solve the appropriate feedrate under constant peak cutting force. To verify the proposed IUCT model, the fitting IUCT is compared with the accuracy data at different feedrates. Additionally, some experiments of five-axis flank milling are conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the peak force model and the feedrate scheduling method. And the surface roughness before and after feedrate scheduling is detected. The results show that the proposed feedrate scheduling method can quickly adjust the feedrate and ensure constant peak force during machining. At the same time, the surface quality is kept at a high level.     

超声辅助刻蚀对Ti3C2Tx微观结构的影响

二维层状材料MXene由于其独特的物理化学性质,受到了广泛关注。本文通过超声辅助刻蚀Ti_3AlC_2的方法制备了多层的Ti_3C_2T_x,利用X射线衍射仪、N_2吸脱附测试、扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜对其微观结构的变化特征进行了详细的表征和分析,并与磁力搅拌刻蚀制备的Ti_3C_2T_x样品相对比。结果表明,与磁力搅拌刻蚀相比,超声辅助刻蚀可以进一步减小Ti_3C_2T_x平均薄层厚度和增加原子层间距,主要原因是超声处理能够促进未发生反应的薄片层中Al原子层的刻蚀。刻蚀过程中同一Al原子层有些区域先发生刻蚀,而一些区域依然存在Al原子。探明了附着在Ti_3C_2T_x表面几十纳米的颗粒是空间群为■的六方结构AlF_3,并且随着刻蚀时间的增加,其逐渐向非晶体转变。     

喷液式高速走丝电火花线切割高效切割研究

研究了高速走丝电火花线切割在浇注式与喷液式冷却条件下不同脉宽、放电峰值电流、脉间及喷液压力、喷距、运丝速度等因素对大能量高效放电切割的影响规律,分析认为大能量高效切割极间放电状况恶化的原因主要是极间工作液在巨大放电热量作用下产生汽化造成的,并验证了喷液式冷却方式是改善大能量条件下高效切割极间冷却状态恶化的有效手段,采用喷液方式突破了切割效率长期徘徊在200 mm2/m in的局面,最高切割效率可以提高20%,并且切割表面质量有很大改善。文中还针对喷液冷却体现出的高效切割工艺规律对今后喷液式高速走丝电火花线切割的设计提出了指导原则。     

铝7075介观尺度切削过程的仿真研究

基于位错机制的应变梯度(MSG)塑性理论,采用任意拉格朗日一欧拉ALE算法,建立了铝合金介观尺度切削过程的仿真模型,并通过试验对仿真模型进行了验证.结果表明:PCD刀具切削铝合金的最小切削厚度大致为刀具钝圆半径的0.25～0.3倍;材料应变梯度的存在使得材料表现出强烈的尺度效应,并且使单位切削力随着进给量的减小明显增大.     

锻造焊接齿坯薄壁受力扇形齿轮的改进

针对航空产品中锻造焊接齿坯薄壁受力扇形齿轮的机械加工，从毛坯、工艺路线、基准选取、加工参数、刀具选择等进行了介绍，重点介绍了关键工序——切制齿轮，为类似零件的加工提供方法、技巧和借鉴。     

液态成型复合材料在直升机上的应用

自20世纪60年代以来,高性能树脂基复合材料在直升机结构中的应用获得了迅速发展,传统的预浸料-热压罐成型复合材料在直升机结构上已取得了大量应用,对结构减重、性能提升起到了显著作用。但是,随着复合材料技术的发展以及直升机对低成本、整体成型技术的强烈需求,低成本液态成型复合材料逐渐在直升机上获得应用,其应用水平及应用效果也不断提升。以RTM、VARI两种典型的液态成型技术为主综述了液态成型复合材料在直升机上的应用,并对新型的液态成型工艺进行了介绍,以期能为直升机设计人员和复合材料工艺人员提供选材及工艺方案方面的技术支撑。